Language Markers & NLP for Mental Health Monitoring

We build natural language processing (NLP) tools for scalable, objective mental health monitoring, so that care no longer depends only on infrequent self-report. We proposed a research framework that maps NLP intervention targets, evidence gaps, and methodological standards, and we conducted the first evaluation of large language models’ ability to measure psychiatric functioning. We identify linguistic, acoustic, and emotional markers in communication between patients and clinicians that track symptoms and predict treatment outcomes, enabling passive monitoring at scale.

Selected Publications

Jin, K. W., Rostam-Abadi, Y., Chaudhary, P., Garrett, M. A., Huang, A. S., Montelongo, M., Nagpal, C., Shei, J., Weathers, J., Zhang, J. S., Chen, Q., Kim, J., Malgaroli, M., Mathis, W. S., Rodriguez, C. I., Selek, S., Sharma, M. S., Pittenger, C., Yip, S. W., Zaboski, B. A., Xu, H. (2026). Evaluating diagnostic accuracy and clinical reasoning of multiple large language models in psychiatry. medRxiv preprint.

NLP & Language MarkersLanguage Models

Brindle, B., Bonanno, G., Hull, T. D., Charon, N., Malgaroli, M. (2026). Language markers of emotion flexibility predict depression and anxiety treatment outcomes. arXiv preprint.

NLP & Language Markers

Zhu, Z., Tieleman, O., Stamatis, C. A., Smyth, L., Hull, T. D., Cahn, D. R., Chen, J., Malgaroli, M. (2026). DIAL: Direct Iterative Adversarial Learning for Realistic Multi-Turn Dialogue Simulation. Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP).

NLP & Language MarkersLanguage ModelsHuman–AI

Gabriel, S., Puri, I., Xu, X., Malgaroli, M., Ghassemi, M. (2024). Can AI relate: Testing large language model response for mental health support. Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2024.

NLP & Language MarkersLanguage ModelsHuman–AIComputational

Galatzer-Levy, I. R., McDuff, D., Natarajan, V., Karthikesalingam, A., Malgaroli, M. (2023). The capability of large language models to measure psychiatric functioning. arXiv.

NLP & Language MarkersLanguage Models

Galatzer-Levy, I., McDuff, D., Malgaroli, M. (2025). The Capability of Large Language Models to Measure and Differentiate Psychiatric Conditions Through O-Shot Learning. Biological Psychiatry.

NLP & Language MarkersLanguage Models

Malgaroli, M., Robinaugh, D., Bonanno, G., Simon, N. (2025). Leveraging Large Language Models and Phonetic Analysis to Predict Adjustment to Bereavement and Social Disruptions. Biological Psychiatry.

NLP & Language MarkersLanguage Models

Malgaroli, M., Hull, T. D., Calderon, A., Simon, N. M. (2024). Linguistic markers of anxiety and depression in somatic symptom and related disorders: Observational study of a digital intervention. Journal of Affective Disorders.

NLP & Language MarkersDigital Health

Malgaroli, M., McDuff, D. (2024). An overview of diagnostics and therapeutics using large language models. Journal of Traumatic Stress.

NLP & Language MarkersLanguage Models

Malgaroli, M., Hull, T.D., Zech, J.M. et al (2023). Natural language processing for mental health interventions: a systematic review and research framework. Translational Psychiatry 13.

NLP & Language Markers

Malgaroli, M., Tseng, E., Hull, T. D., Jennings, E., Choudhury, T. K., Simon, N. M. (2023). Association of health care work with anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: Structural topic modeling study. JMIR AI.

NLP & Language MarkersComputational

Malgaroli, M., Hull, T. D., Bantilan, N., Ray, B., Simon, N. (2020). Suicide risk automated detection using computational linguistic markers from patients’ communication with therapists. Biological Psychiatry.

NLP & Language MarkersComputational

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